Remote sensing data

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Overview of remote sensing data that may be useful for hydrological analysis

Spectrometer

Institute Satellite Sensor channels launched resolution Notes
ESA ENVISAT MERIS 15 March 2002 260x290m Visible and Near Infrared spectrum (390 to 1040 nm), cloud cover, water bodies, frequency 3 days (higher at the poles)
NASA TIROS-N AVHRR 4 1.09x1.09km http://www.nsof.class.noaa.gov.
Can be used for cloud cover (Bendix et al.), surface temperature (ref), delineation of water bodies (Zhou et al., 2000)
NOAA NOAA-7 AVHRR 5
NOAA NOAA-15 AVHRR 6 May 1998
NOAA NOAA-16 AVHRR 6 Sep 2000
NOAA NOAA-17 AVHRR 6 Jun 2002
NOAA NOAA-18 AVHRR 6 May 2005
Eumetsat METOP AVHRR ? cloud cover, surface temperature
NASA EOS AQUA AMSR-E ??
ESA MSG-1 (Meteosat-8) SEVIRI 12 2002 Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager. Entire earth disk @ 15 minutes. 8 channels can be used for monitoring the earth surface. Channel 12 is a high resolution visible (hrv) channel. Resolution: 3 km at the sub-satellite point (5 – 6 km over Europe). Channel 12 has a resolution of 1 km at the sub-satellite point (1.5 – 2 km over Europe).
NASA TRMM ?? 25x25km (0.25°) rainfall
NASA ASTER ?? temperature, reflectance, elevation. On demand, and does not seem to exist for the tropical Andes
NASA TERRA/AQUA MODIS 36 1999/2002 see notes http://www.landcover.org, spatial resolution: 250 m (bands 1-2) 500 m (bands 3-7) 1000 m (bands 8-36), temporal resolution 1 to 2 days, visible and near infrared (400 to 14400 nm)

radar

Institute Satellite Sensor launched resolution Notes
ESA ENVISAT ASAR March 2002 30m APG HH and HV -> delineation of water bodies
ESA ENVISAT Altimeter March 2002 400m altitude (only 1 dimension)
MDA RADARSAT-1 ASAR November 1995 10m commercial (Canadian private company)
MDA RADARSAT-2 ASAR December 2007 3m commercial (Canadian private company)
ASI COSMO-SkyMed SAR June 2007 Constellation of 4 satellites


other

One that has not gone up yet: SWOT


Data aquisition

ESA

ESA is a very big engine and it is tricky to find what you are actually looking for or what you need but there is lots:

The following link is a shortcut to ESA's 'Resources' page that includes upcoming workshops, the ESA library, data samples and archives, and probably most useful for anyone working with ESA data, there are ESA-tailored software tools that run free-of-charge on Windows, linux and also MacOS (although mac versions are usually appearing a bit later than the other two!): http://earth.esa.int/resources/ P.S. I attended an ESA Land Training course in Lisbon in September 2007 on Flooding/Soil moisture and Forests and have lots of lecture notes on ASAR, ALOS and how to use these data with the BEST, BEAM and POLSARPRO packages (I have actually worked with an ALOS quadpol for tree height and soil moisture retrieval: amazing data!). If you want any of these notes or some help, just email me (guy.schumann@bristol.ac.uk) and I'll try to help!

There is a useful tool from the ESA website to search for available images (does ENVISAT and others):

http://eoli.esa.int/

To access online (last 7-10 days) data and submit CAT-1 (free data) proposals for projects:

http://earth.esa.int/dataproducts/accessingeodata/

To answer third party mission (from non-ESA satellites) calls: http://eopi.esa.int/esa/esa?type=10&cmd=aolist, and go to the 'TPM' link to the left of the page,

and AO (Announcement of Opportunities) calls: http://eopi.esa.int/esa/esa?type=10&cmd=aolist

ESA conferences and workshops

Anyone interested in this year's (2008) ESA summer school in August (4-14) at the ESRIN centre in Italy? Topic: Data assimilation, monitoring and modelling the Earth System. Have a look at: http://envisat.esa.int/envschool/

Detailed info on satellites

meteosat

The channels of SEVERI on board meteosat-8 (spectral band / μm)

(from http://las.physik.uni-oldenburg.de/eProceedings/vol05_1/05_1_de-ruyter1.pdf)


Channel min max description
1 0.635 0.56 0.71 visual
2 0.81 0.74 0.88 visual
3 1.64 1.50 1.78 near infrared
4 3.90 3.48 4.36 infrared
5 6.25 5.35 7.15 infrared (water vapour absorption)
6 7.35 6.85 7.85 infrared (water vapour absorption)
7 8.70 8.30 9.1 infrared
8 9.66 9.38 9.94 infrared (ozone absorption)
9 10.80 9.80 11.80 infrared
10 12.00 11.00 13.00 infrared
11 13.40 12.40 14.40 infrared (CO2 absorption)
12 0.75 0.60 0.90 high resolution visual broadband (hrv)


Envisat Altimeter

downscaling techniques

statistical

singular vector decomposition

Bretherton CS, Smith C, Wallace JM. 1992. An intercomparison of methods for finding coupled patterns in climate data. Journal of Wilks DS. 1995. Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences. Climate 5: 541–560


dynamical